ABSTRACT
To analyze the effectiveness and safety of intermittent lung inflation combined with rigid ureteroscopy in the treatment of upper ureteral stones that were not fully visible. The clinical and imaging data of 56 patients with upper ureteral stone undergoing rigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy combined with intermittent lung inflation in Zhejiang Quhua Hospital from March 2016 to October 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.Intermittentt lung inflation was used to change and stabilize the position of ureteral calculi during the operation,so as to ensure the visual field of ureteroscopy.Holmium laser lithotripsy was performed to remove the stones.Urinary tract abdominal plain X-ray or CT urography was performed 1 and 3 months after the operation to evaluate the residual stones and the clinical efficacy. Stones were successfully removed after a single attempt in 48 patients.In 5 patients,stones escaped into the kidney during ureteroscopic lithotripsy,and thus flexible ureteroscopy were performed.In 3 patients,a second session of auxiliary procedure was required,among whom 2 patients received extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and 1 patient underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy+ureteroscopic lithotripsy.The stone-free rates 1 and 3 months after surgery were 94.6%(53/56)and 100%(56/56),respectively.No severe complication such as ureter perforation,gross hematuria,septic shock,or pneumothorax occurred during and after surgery. Intermittent lung inflation in tracheal intubation under general anesthesia in patients with proximal ureteral stones that can not be fully visible during rigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy was feasible and reliable.It can effectively change the location of stones and thus enable safe and effective lithotripy.It expands the indications of rigid ureteroscopy for treating upper ureteral stones.
Subject(s)
Humans , Lithotripsy, Laser , Retrospective Studies , Ureteral Calculi , Diagnostic Imaging , Ureteroscopes , UreteroscopyABSTRACT
AIM To develop a HPLC method for determining tectorigenin content in rabbit plasma for pharmacokinetics.METHODS As self crossover control,the rabbits,six Japanese giant ear rabbits were subject to a singledose intragastric administration of 60 mg/kg (tectorigenin 40 mg/kg) pueraria isoflavone.The free and enzymatic tectorigenin contents in plasma were measured by HPLC,and then pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by PKsolver 2.0 pharmacokinetic program.RESULTS The AUC0-t,Tmax,Cmax after intragastric administration of pueraria isoflavone were (46.78 ±5.12) μg · min/mL,(5.39 ±0.54) min,(0.84 ±0.21) μg/mL for free tectorigenin,respectively;(485.48 ±23.53) μg · min/mL,(20.12 ±2.84) min,(2.95 ±0.67) μg/mL for total tectorigenin,respectively.CONCLUSION HPLC method is suitable for tectorigenin pharmacokinetic study.Tectorigenin is present mainly as glucuronide conjugates in plasma after intragastric administration pueraria isoflavone.
ABSTRACT
AIM To develop a HPLC method for determining tectorigenin content in rabbit plasma for pharmacokinetics.METHODS As self crossover control,the rabbits,six Japanese giant ear rabbits were subject to a singledose intragastric administration of 60 mg/kg (tectorigenin 40 mg/kg) pueraria isoflavone.The free and enzymatic tectorigenin contents in plasma were measured by HPLC,and then pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by PKsolver 2.0 pharmacokinetic program.RESULTS The AUC0-t,Tmax,Cmax after intragastric administration of pueraria isoflavone were (46.78 ±5.12) μg · min/mL,(5.39 ±0.54) min,(0.84 ±0.21) μg/mL for free tectorigenin,respectively;(485.48 ±23.53) μg · min/mL,(20.12 ±2.84) min,(2.95 ±0.67) μg/mL for total tectorigenin,respectively.CONCLUSION HPLC method is suitable for tectorigenin pharmacokinetic study.Tectorigenin is present mainly as glucuronide conjugates in plasma after intragastric administration pueraria isoflavone.